Stresses in Beams — Worked Examples

These examples use elementary elastic beam theory. Compute section properties about the correct neutral axis and evaluate stresses at the actual point of interest.

1. Maximum Bending Stress in a Rectangular Beam

A rectangular timber beam is 100 mm100\text{ mm} wide and 200 mm200\text{ mm} deep. It carries a bending moment of 15 kN⋅m15\text{ kN}\cdot\text{m}. Determine the extreme-fiber bending stress magnitude.

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2. Maximum Shear Stress in a Rectangular Beam

A 150 mm×250 mm150\text{ mm}\times250\text{ mm} rectangular beam carries V=40 kNV=40\text{ kN}. Determine the maximum transverse shear stress.

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3. Required Section Modulus

A beam section must carry M=30 kN⋅mM=30\text{ kN}\cdot\text{m} while the stated allowable bending stress is 150 MPa150\text{ MPa}. Determine the required section modulus.

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4. Bending Stress at an Interior Fiber

Use the beam from Example 1. Determine bending stress magnitude at a point 50 mm50\text{ mm} from the neutral axis.

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5. Effect of Increasing Beam Depth

A rectangular beam remains 100 mm100\text{ mm} wide and carries 15 kN⋅m15\text{ kN}\cdot\text{m}. Its depth is increased from 200 mm200\text{ mm} to 300 mm300\text{ mm}. Determine the new extreme-fiber bending stress.

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6. Shear Stress Away from the Neutral Axis

A 150 mm×250 mm150\text{ mm}\times250\text{ mm} rectangular beam carries 40 kN40\text{ kN} shear. Determine τ\tau at y=50 mmy=50\text{ mm} above the neutral axis.

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7. Rectangular Depth from Required Section Modulus

A rectangular section is 150 mm150\text{ mm} wide and requires S=2.50×105 mm3S=2.50\times10^5\text{ mm}^3. Determine the required depth from the elastic section-modulus equation.

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8. Strong-Axis versus Weak-Axis Bending

A 100 mm×200 mm100\text{ mm}\times200\text{ mm} rectangle can bend about either centroidal axis. Compare the elastic section moduli.

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9. Shear Stress at a Free Surface

For an ordinary solid beam section under the elementary beam-shear model, evaluate the transverse shear stress at the top free surface.

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10. Checking the Elastic-Range Assumption

A linear flexure calculation predicts an extreme-fiber stress of 300 MPa300\text{ MPa} in a steel beam whose stated yield strength is 250 MPa250\text{ MPa}. Can the purely linear-elastic stress distribution be treated as valid through the full section at that load?

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