Module 4 Worked Examples: Combined Timber Stresses and Connections

These examples emphasize directional wood behavior, connection limit states, and building-system load paths without replacing the exact NSCP interaction or fastener equations required for project design.

Worked-example data provenance

Unless an example explicitly cites a code table, manufacturer report, or material specification, numerical material properties and adjustment factors are problem-supplied inputs. They demonstrate the calculation procedure and must not be reused as universal NSCP design values for another species, grade, steel grade, section, or product.

Example 1 — Hankinson interpolation at 0 degrees

Let the applicable parallel-to-grain property be P=30 MPaP=30\text{ MPa} and the perpendicular property be Q=6 MPaQ=6\text{ MPa}. Determine NθN_\theta at θ=0∘\theta=0^\circ.

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Example 2 — Hankinson interpolation at 90 degrees

Using P=30 MPaP=30\text{ MPa} and Q=6 MPaQ=6\text{ MPa}, determine NθN_\theta at θ=90∘\theta=90^\circ.

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Example 3 — Hankinson interpolation at 45 degrees

Using P=30 MPaP=30\text{ MPa} and Q=6 MPaQ=6\text{ MPa}, determine NθN_\theta at 45∘45^\circ.

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Example 4 — Interaction ratio interpretation

A code interaction equation for a timber member evaluates to 0.980.98. How should the result be reported?

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Example 5 — Why one fastener capacity is not enough

A connection carries 80 kN80\text{ kN} and four identical fasteners. Dividing gives 20 kN20\text{ kN} per fastener. Is the connection proven adequate?

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Example 6 — Opening in a wood diaphragm

A large stair opening interrupts a rectangular floor diaphragm between the loaded façade and the nearest shear wall. Identify the structural consequence.

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Example 7 — Shear-wall opening coordination

A wall line contains wide glazing that leaves two short wood shear-wall segments. What should be reviewed before assuming the wall line can resist the design lateral force?

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Example 8 — Exposed knife-plate connection review

An architect proposes a concealed steel knife plate near the end of a glulam beam. List the main review items before detailing.

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Example 9 — Cross-grain movement at a rigid façade

A deep timber beam is connected to a brittle façade component that restrains vertical cross-grain movement. Why is this risky?

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Example 10 — Uniaxial timber compression and bending interaction

For a timber beam-column, the applicable uniaxial compression-and-bending check has already been selected. Let fc=2.0 MPaf_c=2.0\text{ MPa}, Fc′=8.0 MPaF_c'=8.0\text{ MPa}, fb=5.0 MPaf_b=5.0\text{ MPa}, Fb′=12.0 MPaF_b'=12.0\text{ MPa}, and FcE=20.0 MPaF_{cE}=20.0\text{ MPa}. Evaluate

(fcFc′)2+fbFb′(1−fc/FcE)≤1.0.\left(\frac{f_c}{F_c'}\right)^2+ \frac{f_b}{F_b'\left(1-f_c/F_{cE}\right)} \le 1.0.

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Example 11 — Complete timber-connection review sequence

A bolted timber splice transfers 80 kN80\text{ kN}. A preliminary equal-share analysis of four fasteners gives 20 kN20\text{ kN} per fastener. Explain the complete review sequence before any connection capacity is reported.

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Example 12 — Timber tension plus bending requires two checks

For a member under axial tension and uniaxial bending, let ft=2.0 MPaf_t=2.0\text{ MPa}, Ft′=10.0 MPaF_t'=10.0\text{ MPa}, fb=7.0 MPaf_b=7.0\text{ MPa}, Fb∗=15.0 MPaF_b^*=15.0\text{ MPa}, and Fb∗∗=12.0 MPaF_b^{**}=12.0\text{ MPa}. Evaluate both NDS/NSCP combined-action checks.

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